En inglés se da una interesante dualidad para nombrar algunos animales de granja. Mientras que el nombre del animal corresponde a un léxico de raíz propia, usan otra palabra, importada hace siglos del francés, para referirse al animal cocinado.
Pig - pork
Cow - beef
Calf - veal
Chicken - Poultry
La diferencia no es extraña, y también podemos observarla en castellano cuando llaman diferente un 'pez' de un 'pescado', aunque en inglés es curioso el origen de la distinción que no es otro que la influencia francesa en las costumbres gastronómicas. También podemos ver un caso similar en catalán. Aunque sea un barbarismo inaceptable, vemos como algunas personas usan con toda naturalidad 'pit' mientras que cuando se refieren a lo que debe ser cocinado (de las aves) se refieren como 'petxuga'. Desconocemos las razones de esta influencia que seguramente no tiene razones de prestigio gastronómico... Volviendo a la dualidad inglesa, en este recorte se explica el origen:
When the Normans conquered England in 1066 (see Norman Conquest) they brought theirNorman language with them. During the Anglo-Norman period which united insular and continental territories, the ruling class spoke Anglo-Norman, while the peasants spoke the English of the time. Anglo-Norman was the conduit for the introduction of French into England, aided by the circulation of Langue d'oïl literature from France. This led to many paired words of French and English origin. For example, beef is cognate with the modern French bœuf, meaning "cow"; veal with veau, meaning "calf"; pork with porc, meaning "pig"; and poultry with poulet, meaning "chicken". In this situation, the foodstuff has the Norman name, and the animal the Anglo-Saxon name, since it was the Norman rulers who ate meat (meat was an expensive commodity and could rarely be afforded by the Anglo-Saxons), and the Anglo-Saxons who farmed the animals.
When the Normans conquered England in 1066 (see Norman Conquest) they brought theirNorman language with them. During the Anglo-Norman period which united insular and continental territories, the ruling class spoke Anglo-Norman, while the peasants spoke the English of the time. Anglo-Norman was the conduit for the introduction of French into England, aided by the circulation of Langue d'oïl literature from France. This led to many paired words of French and English origin. For example, beef is cognate with the modern French bœuf, meaning "cow"; veal with veau, meaning "calf"; pork with porc, meaning "pig"; and poultry with poulet, meaning "chicken". In this situation, the foodstuff has the Norman name, and the animal the Anglo-Saxon name, since it was the Norman rulers who ate meat (meat was an expensive commodity and could rarely be afforded by the Anglo-Saxons), and the Anglo-Saxons who farmed the animals.
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